What is BPPV?
Benign Paroxysmal Positional Vertigo, or BPPV, is a disorder of the inner ear that causes brief, intense episodes of dizziness or vertigo. These intense episodes usually last 30-60 seconds but can have ongoing effects. This disorder can lead to a range of symptoms, such as spinning sensations, unsteadiness, and even nausea, and can be triggered by simple movements like rolling over in bed or tilting your head.
The Pathology of BPPV
BPPV is primarily caused by the displacement of tiny calcium carbonate crystals (known as otoconia) within the inner ear’s semicircular canals. These canals play a crucial role in maintaining balance and spatial orientation.
Here's how BPPV develops:
Normal Function: Under normal circumstances, these crystals are securely embedded in a gel-like substance within the semicircular canals. This allows them to detect head movements and send appropriate signals to the brain to maintain balance.
Displacement of crystals: In BPPV, these crystals become dislodged from their usual position and migrate into one of the semicircular canals. This displacement often occurs due to trauma, aging, or other inner ear issues, but can happens from seemingly innocuous movements of the head.
Erroneous Signals: When these displaced crystals shift within the canal, they send incorrect signals to the brain, causing it to perceive movement that isn’t actually happening. This mismatch between sensory information from the inner ear and what your other senses perceive leads to the characteristic vertigo and dizziness of BPPV.
Why Understanding the Pathology Matters
Understanding the underlying pathology of BPPV is crucial for effective diagnosis and treatment. By knowing the mechanics of this condition, Chiropractors can better pinpoint the affected semicircular canal and employ specific treatment manoeuvres, to reposition the crystals and alleviate symptoms.
Luckily with a precise diagnosis, most acute episodes of BPPV can be effectively treated within 3 appointments, chronic BPPV can take longer.
If you are experiencing vertigo or dizziness and you want a proper diagnosis of BPPV, please book in to see our Chiropractor at Smart Health & Performance today.
